| Item |
Amount |
Substitution |
| allspice | 1 tsp. |
1/2 tsp. cinnamon plus 1/8 ground cloves |
| baking powder | 1 tsp. | 1/4 tsp. baking soda plus 5/8 tsp. cream of tartar |
| bread crumbs, dry | 1/4 cup | 1 slice bread |
| bread crumbs, soft | 1/2 cup | 1 slice bread |
| buttermilk | 1 cup | 1 cup plain yogurt |
| chocolate, unsweetened | 1 ounce | 3 tablespoons cocoa plus 1 tbs. butter or fat |
| cream, heavy | 1 cup | 3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup melted butter (this will not whip) |
| cream, light | 1 cup | 7/8 cup milk plus 3 tbs. melted butter |
| cream, sour | 1 cup | 7/8 cup buttermilk or plain yogurt plus 3 tbs. melted butter |
| cream, whipping | 1 cup | 2/3 cup well-chilled evaporated milk, whipped or 1 cup nonfat dry milk powder whipped with 1 cup of water |
| flour, self-rising | 1 cup | 1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/4 tsp. baking powder plus 1/4 teaspoon salt |
| honey | 1 cup | 1 1/4 cups sugar plus 1/2 cup liquid |
| lemon juice | 1 tsp | 1/2 tsp vinegar |
| milk, skim | 1 cup | 1/3 cup instant monfat dry milk plus about 3/4 cup water |
| milk, whole | 1 cup | 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water or 1 cup skim milk plus 2 tsp melted butter |
| milk, to sour | 1 cup | add 1 tbsp vinegar ot lemon juice to 1 cup milk minus 1 tbsp. Stir and let stand 5 minutes. |
| sugar, granulated | 1 cup | 1 cup firmly packed brown sugar or 1 3/4 cups confectioner’s sugar (do not substitude in baking) or 2 cups corn syrup or 1 cup superfine sugar |
| tomatoes, canned | 1 cup | 1/2 cup tomato sauce polus 1/2 cup water or 1 1/3 cups chopped fresh tomatoes, simmered |
| tomato juice | 1 cup | 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water plus dash each salt and sugar or 1/4 cup tomato paste plus 3/4 cup water plus salt and sugar |
| tomato ketchup | 1/2 cup | 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 2 tbsp sugar , 1 tbs vinegar, and 1/8 tsp ground cloves |
| tomato puree | 1 cup | 1/2 cup tomato paste plus 1/2 cup water |
| yogurt, plain | 1 cup | 1 cup buttermilk |